1.啮合后发动机空转。说明单向啮合器打滑或损坏，减震绷簧折断，转子与定子擦碰，磁场线圈或电枢线圈绕组有局部短路等。
1. engine idle after meshing. it shows that the one-way mesher slips or damages, the shock absorber spring breaks, the rotor rubs against the stator, the magnetic field coil or armature coil winding has local short circuit, etc.
2.运转缓慢无力。除气温低，使润滑油较稠、阻力大、蓄电池电容量缺乏之外，主要原因在发动机内部，可能因为轴承过松而使电枢和磁极碰擦、励磁或电枢绕组有局部短路，电刷磨损过多，电刷绷簧压力缺乏，线路接触不良，使电刷接触电阻过大，换向器表面烧蚀或脏污等。
2. slow and weak operation. apart from the low temperature, which makes the lubricating oil thicker, the resistance greater and the battery capacitance scarce, the main reasons are that the internal bearings are too loose, which may cause armature and pole rubbing, excitation or armature winding to have local short circuit, brush wear too much, brush tension spring pressure lack, poor line contact, brush contact resistance too large, commutator surface ablation or dirt, etc.
3.发动磁轮与飞轮磁圈啮合不良。飞轮齿圈啮合不良。飞轮齿圈变形、断齿，安装不妥使齿轮和齿圈中心线不平行，电磁开关吸铁行程调整不当。
3. the engagement between the starting magnetic wheel and the flywheel coil is not good. flywheel gear ring engages badly. the flywheel gear ring is deformed and broken, the center line of gear and ring is not parallel due to improper installation, and the iron absorption stroke of electromagnetic switch is improperly adjusted.
4.发动齿轮与飞轮齿圈咬死不脱开。齿轮表面粗糙而啮合太紧，驱动装置在发动机电枢轴上卡死以及电磁开关触点烧结等。
4. start gear and flywheel ring bite to death. the gear surface is rough and meshing is too tight, the driving device is stuck on the armature shaft of the engine, and the contacts of the electromagnetic switch are sintered.
5.发动机运转不良及异响。假如发动机在冷、热车时都不好发动，证明故障在其内部，热车好发动，冷车发动无力，冷、热车空转都好，但啮合后无力，一般是蓄电池存电缺乏。按下发动钮，若发动机不转，应敏捷松开，检查有无冒烟和发热现象。
5. engine malfunction and abnormal noise. if the engine is not good to start when it is cold or hot, it proves that the fault is in its interior, the hot car is good to start, the cold car is weak to start, and the cold or hot car is good to idle, but after meshing, it is generally lack of storage battery. press the start button, if the engine does not turn, it should be swiftly loosened to check whether there is smoke and fever.
起动机有异响有以下四种原因：
there are four reasons for the abnormal noise of the starter:
a、叉车驱动齿轮未啮入齿环时起动机主电路现已接通，宣布打齿声。
a. when the driving gear of forklift truck does not engage the gear ring, the main circuit of the starter is now connected and the sound of teeth beating is announced.
b、叉车驱动齿轮与飞轮齿环两齿相顶时，起动机主电路现已接通，宣布打齿声。
b. when the driving gear of forklift truck and the flywheel gear ring are at the top of each other, the main circuit of the starter is now connected and the sound of teeth beating is announced.
c、接通起动机开关后，起动机壳颤动，这是因为固定螺栓松动而形成的，应停机紧固。
c. after switching on the starter switch, the starter housing fluctuates, which is caused by the loosening of the fixing bolt and should be stopped and fastened.
d、柴油叉车在行进中，因驱动齿轮与飞轮相碰而宣布的打齿声，这是因为驱动齿轮端面和端盖缘之间的间隔不符合要求形成的，应调整端盖上的定位螺丝。
d. during the driving of diesel forklift truck, the announcement of gear beating due to the collision between driving gear and flywheel is due to the inconsistency between the end face of driving gear and the end cover edge. the positioning screw on the end cover should be adjusted.